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Monday, February 11, 2008

 
RANDOM EB POST

CARBONARI,the(from italian cabonaro-charcoal maker)-were certain secret societies of a liberaland even revolutionary tendency that took part in events of italian and french history during 1st 3 decades of 1800's. secret Ss, calling themselves this or similar existed earlier, but at end of napoleonic wrs, became important. 1808, many republicans, discontented w/ bourbon and bonapartist government in naples, retired to the mountainrecesses of the abrazzi and calabria. 1st only isolated resistance to authorities, then became organized. took carbonari, from the trade pursued extensively in the area. also religion and above all from the crucifixion of christ. adopted mystic rites and symbolic phraseology, by which they concealed from the unintiated(lol, rotflmao, IOKIYAR!), but more vividly expressed to the initiated, a lodge of theirs-baracca meeting-vendita-big meeting-alta vendita, but religious terms bigger. politicians discovered to exploit them to overthrow the bonapartists. aleader, capobianco, was betrayed and executed. principle actors in the neopolitan revolution of 1820, disturbance of the papal state and of the piedmontese revolution of 1821. recruits, not only from poor, but the rich, intelligencia, and the middle classes, had close to 700,000. but not powerful enough for austrian army, and were crushed. 1820, takes root in france insurrection. in 1821 at belfort, thours, la rochelle, and other towns. supressed, but not irradicated and 1830 revolution.

CARBUNCLE-garnets, cut to enhance color. history(rome/bible) blah blah best from dezu? and ceylon.

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